Honoring Opha May Johnson: The First Woman to Enlist in the Marine Corps
More than a century ago, one woman stepped forward to challenge tradition, break barriers, and pave the way for generations of women in military service. Her name was Opha May Johnson—an unsung American pioneer whose legacy lives on in the proud ranks of today’s Marines.
Early Life and Education
Opha May Johnson was born in May 1878 in Kokomo, Indiana. From a young age, she demonstrated a keen intellect and dedication to learning. After graduating from high school, she enrolled at Wood’s Commercial College in Washington, D.C., where she studied shorthand and typewriting. In 1895, she graduated as salutatorian of her class—an early indicator of the excellence that would define her life.
Later, in 1898, she married Victor Hugo Johnson, a professional orchestra conductor. Not long after, she began her career in public service, taking a position with the Interstate Commerce Commission, where she worked as a civil servant.
Answering the Call During World War I
As World War I neared its end, the United States and its allies faced staggering casualties. With more men needed on the front lines, Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels took a bold step on August 8, 1918, authorizing the enlistment of women into the Marine Corps for the first time in history.
That very day, Opha May Johnson led the way. She was the first to step forward out of a group of 300 women, making her the first woman ever to enlist in the United States Marine Corps Reserve.
Breaking Barriers and Setting the Standard
Johnson’s dedication didn’t go unnoticed. Assigned to Headquarters Marine Corps, she served as a clerk handling critical records and administrative tasks. Just one month after enlisting, she was promoted to sergeant, making her the highest-ranking woman in the Marine Corps at the time—a testament to her capabilities and trailblazing spirit.
In 1919, she became a founding member of Belleau Wood Post No. 1, the very first American Legion post formed specifically for female Marine Corps reservists. While women were not yet permitted to serve in combat roles, their work behind the scenes was instrumental to the war effort. Johnson and the other 90 women in her post proved that commitment to service knew no gender.
Continuing to Serve
After World War I, the military began disenrolling women from active duty. Still, Johnson’s commitment to public service endured. She continued to serve as a clerk in the War Department and later worked as a civil servant for the Marine Corps until her retirement in 1943.
She remained active in veteran affairs through the American Legion, continuing to advocate for the recognition and rights of those who served—especially women.
A Legacy Cemented in History
Opha May Johnson passed away in August 1955 and was laid to rest at Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C., alongside her husband and parents. Her remarkable story might have remained in the background of history—until a century after her historic enlistment, when she was honored with a ceremonial grave marker on August 29, 2018.
This tribute not only recognized her individual achievement but also celebrated the legacy of all the women who followed in her footsteps.
Final Thoughts
Opha May Johnson didn’t just enlist in the Marine Corps—she opened the door for future generations of women to serve, lead, and protect their country with pride. Her service, once considered groundbreaking, is now an enduring symbol of courage and commitment.
As we reflect on her story, we’re reminded that progress often starts with one brave person stepping forward when no one else has. For women in uniform today, and for those yet to come, Opha May Johnson’s legacy remains a cornerstone in the proud history of the U.S. Marine Corps.
Want more inspiring stories of military pioneers? Subscribe to our blog or follow us on social media!
